Many people in the world have experienced back pain at least once.According to statistics, only 10% of the population does not know what lower back pain is.In recent years, patients have experienced lumbago in the lumbar region at a young age, not only after intense physical exercise, but also in various diseases.
species
Isolated cases of lower back pain are usually not a cause for concern.Frequent hypothermia, hard work and heavy lifting can cause destructive changes to the spine.The appearance of pain is a sign of the development of a pathological process that needs to be treated in order to maintain full motor performance.
Finding out the nature and intensity will help you figure out why the unpleasant sensations occur.An accurate determination of the pathology helps to prescribe effective treatment to relieve pain.
Depending on the duration of action, lower back pain can be:
- acute – occurs suddenly, is accompanied by high intensity, the duration of the symptom is no more than 30 days and is often painful in nature;
- chronic – the patient has been worried for more than six months, the pain is constant, not strong, signals old processes in the body;
- periodic – occurs in the acute stage and disappears completely with the onset of the remission phase;
- Constant pain accompanies many medical conditions that require immediate treatment.These can be diseases of the spine, nervous system, vascular damage and oncological tumors.
A person may feel pain in one point or throughout the back.Based on localization, one can distinguish between local pain that does not go beyond the boundaries of the lesion and generalized pain that covers the entire lower back.
Sometimes the pain spreads to the lower extremity and leads to a compulsive posture during movements.This symptom occurs in serious diseases of the spine.The reflected nature of pain occurs in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract or gynecological problems.
Reasons
Non-pathological etiology may include severe lower back pain after prolonged physical activity.The accumulation of lactic acid in the muscles creates a painful effect that disappears on its own after a few days.
Main reasons:
- Dystrophic changes in the cartilage tissue of the lumbosacral vertebrae (osteochondrosis) are complicated by the proliferation of bone tissue and loss of elasticity of the flattened cartilage.Lower back pain worsens when the disc is deformed, resulting in a complication of a herniated disc.This condition causes increased pain that spreads to the hip and is sometimes reflected in the ankle area.
- Traumatic injuries caused by impact or fall.
- Shortening of an extremity is observed in second and third degree coxarthrosis, after injuries or operations, with individual birth characteristics and with high-grade scoliosis.
- Hypothermia leads to myositis.Inflammatory symptoms in muscle fibers cause widespread, constant pain.
- Radiculitis is a neurological pathology based on inflammation of the root of one of the spinal nerves.A sudden stabbing pain pierces the patient, forcing him to bend over.
- Scoliotic curvature of the spine.
- Thrombophlebitis is damage to the vessel wall resulting in the formation of a blood clot;With this pathology, a pain effect in the lower extremity is also observed.
- Advanced forms of arteriosclerosis with circulatory disorders.
- Inflammatory kidney disease.
- Gynecological pathologies, pain arises in the lower abdomen and spreads to the lower back.
- Hormonal disorders in the body in women during menopause.
- Inflammation of the prostate in men.
- Rheumatoid arthritis.
- Infectious diseases: tuberculosis, brucellosis and some others.
- Pancreatitis and cholecystitis cause radiating pain in the lower back.
- Malignant neoplasms in the lumbosacral area or abdominal cavity.
Diagnostic measures
For lasting pain relief, it's important to understand why your lower back hurts.The diagnosis should be carried out by an experienced doctor.At the appointment, the patient's medical history is taken, complaints are heard and the patient's predisposition is clarified.
Through visualization and palpation, deformed areas of the spine are identified and the most painful area is located in the lower back.
To confirm acceptance, the following procedures are carried out:
- Laboratory analysis of blood and urine to detect possible inflammation in the body;
- biochemical blood test for signs of a possible rheumatological factor;
- An X-ray examination of the spine can be used to determine whether there is a hernia or a bulge.
- Ultrasound examination of blood vessels and pelvic organs;
- Computed tomography of the spine;
- If necessary, an examination by an infectious disease specialist, rheumatologist, phthisiatrist or gynecologist is planned.
Treatment
Taking painkillers has a short-term effect, after which the lower back pain returns.Treatment measures should consist of a range of primary and auxiliary treatment procedures.
A sudden attack requires immediate help.Measures to alleviate the disease:
- take a painkiller;
- Wrap the lumbar area tightly to create compression on the sore spot.
- For qualified help, contact a specialist doctor.
In acute pain, if there is no accurate diagnosis, it is forbidden to warm the painful lower back so that the inflammation does not increase.It is not recommended to conduct a session of therapeutic massage and manual therapy during an exacerbation.
Medication
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs relieve lower back pain and eliminate inflammation by regulating body temperature.Only a doctor can prescribe medication.The uncontrolled use of non-hormonal painkillers leads to irritation of the stomach lining.Taking a drug that inhibits gastric acid secretion half an hour before taking NSAIDs prevents the pathological condition.
- For severe inflammatory reactions, glucocorticosteroids are prescribed.
- Diuretics relieve swelling by removing excess fluid, thereby reducing pain.
- Muscle relaxants relieve cramps and relax skeletal muscles.
- Chondroprotectors to prevent destruction of the spine.
- Antibiotics for inflammation of internal organs.This pharmacological group disrupts the balance of intestinal flora.Probiotics help prevent dysbiosis from occurring.
- To strengthen the walls of blood vessels.
Local treatment
Local treatment medications help relieve pain.Ointments and creams for external use may contain active ingredients: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory painkillers, viper, cobra, viper, scorpion venom.
Medical-based patches are convenient for use during the day.The pepper plaster is applied directly to the lower back and within a few hours a uniform therapeutic effect is achieved on the painful area.
Kinesio tape is a form of pain relief.Taping has an immediate effect;When used correctly, it can remain on the skin for up to 5 days, providing lasting pain relief.
Orthopedic products include wearing a rigid lumbosacral corset.The bandage is designed for static loads, supports the lumbar area and relieves pain through compression.For radiculitis, warming corsets with dog, camel or llama hair are prescribed.
Physiotherapy
Phonophoresis with lidocaine provides rapid relief of symptoms by quickly penetrating a powerful anesthetic into the deep subcutaneous layers.The safe method has no negative effects on the gastrointestinal tract, which is an additional advantage.
Massage is effective during pain-free periods.After the treatment, blood circulation improves, the muscles are toned and mobility in the lumbar area improves.
Acupuncture allows you to apply acupuncture to specific points for treatment and prevention.The Kuznetsov applicator is perfect for home use.Plastic needles increase blood circulation and trigger natural pain relief processes.
Magnetic therapy is used to treat many diseases, including osteochondrosis, vascular diseases and gynecological diseases.The pulsed current penetrates 7 cm under the skin and reaches damaged areas.The therapeutic effect is cumulative, achieved at the end of the first course and maintained until the next session.
Prevention
To keep your lower back healthy, you must follow the well-known rules:
- lead an active lifestyle;
- Avoid heavy loads during professional activities, sports training and weight lifting.
- During dynamic loading with a tense spine, wear a lumbosacral corset;
- Wear orthotics to absorb shock while walking.
- eat right and monitor your weight so that extra pounds do not contribute to the development of additional diseases;
- If you have any suspicious symptoms, seek advice from a doctor.